Did you know that only 15%-20% of our dogs' behavior is genetic? Over 80% is the influence of socialization - that is, the stimuli to which our puppy has been set (or not set) in the critical period of development (i.e. until about 12-16 weeks of age).
In the period from birth, an amazing process takes place in the puppy's brain - connections between brain cells are formed. Never before and never again (after the end of the critical period of development) will these connections be formed at such a dizzying pace.
Too many stimuli, or their lack will affect what kind of adult dog your puppy will be.
Whether he will be fearful, aggressive or maybe he will have various types of phobias, whether he will be a balanced, self-confident dog, is influenced by the events that will take place during the critical period of your puppies' life.
Therefore, we pay the main attention to what and how we do with puppies and in what period of their life. At different stages of development, puppies are sensitive to different stimuli. When they are born, they have the following senses: thermal, touch, smell. So it makes no sense to tune them to auditory or visual stimuli. But already in this first period we can work on their proper development.
PRENATAL PERIOD (from conception to birth)
During this period, puppies are still in the womb, but already on the 45th day of prenatal life they are sensitive to touch. Our safe touch of the bitch's belly (provided that it has a relaxing effect on her) is very important for the proper development of puppies in the mother's womb. In the third trimester of pregnancy, stress experienced by the bitch adversely affects the puppies in the mother's womb. We should never take a bitch to places where there is a high probability that she will not feel comfortable. During this period, she should be provided with peace and a lot, a lot of endorphins that are secreted under the influence of experiencing pleasant sensations. They directly affect the developing fetuses.
When our female dogs are pregnant we don't make any changes to the environment, everything stays as it was. We don't do exciting family getaways. We care about a peaceful environment, sniffing walks. We don't take bitches to friends to show off their growing belly. We also do not do ultrasound examinations to confirm the number of puppies (unless there is a threat to their health), or to satisfy our curiosity. Even this few minutes stress related to shaving the tummy, applying the head, cold gel can affect the developing fetuses. We are patiently waiting… until the right time comes.
THE NEONATAL PERIOD (from birth to about 2 weeks of age (the moment of opening the eyes))
A puppy is born with its eyes and ears closed. Research has shown, however, that despite such immaturity and the associated limitations, puppies are extremely sensitive to thermal and tactile stimuli. Therefore, in this period of life, it is already possible to work on early neurological stimulation. What is it?
It is a set of five exercises (puppy head up, puppy head down, puppy on the back, tickling on the tips of the paws, laying on a cold towel). All exercises can be performed for a maximum of 5 seconds each.
Because there is too much risk of overstimulating a puppy, I recommend that novice breeders train on ... a mascot. Stimulation seems easy, but my observations show that in inexperienced hands the time of individual exercises is prolonged. Too many stimuli during this period will have a very negative effect on their further development and will cause extreme disinhibition of the nervous system. It is very easy to cross the fine line of 5 seconds, so I recommend doing the exercises for 3 seconds each.
Well done Early Neurological Stimulation brings the following benefits:
1.Improving the functioning of the heart vessels
2.Strengthening the circulatory system.
3. Strengthening adrenaline secreting glands.
4. Increased resistance to stress
5. Greater disease resistance.
This is what Neurological stimulation of puppies performed in our kennel looks like:
As a zoopsychologist, I help Polish breeders in the socialization of their litters and conduct puppy temperament tests. It is based not only on the results of research and experiments carried out by specialized organizations but also on my own observations of socialized litters in Polish kennels. My observations show that well-conducted neurological stimulation brings far-reaching benefits for the development of the puppy's nervous system. Puppies subjected to this stimulation are more active and exploring than those that have not been subjected to this stimulation. The desire to explore is directly related to the fact that puppies experience a lot. Gaining experience, on the other hand, builds the image of their future self.
What if "no" early neurological stimulation? In the case of inexperienced breeders, I recommend taking puppies in your hands, gentle stroking (good touch) during everyday activities such as weighing. Puppies already in this period of life need to undergo stimulation in order for them to develop well. Therefore, I strongly encourage tactile stimulation, however, you must remember that touching should not be overdone either, as it may bring the opposite effect to the expected one.
During this period, the excretory processes of puppies are mainly regulated by the mother. The latter licks their bellies to stimulate the bowels - later, the position "on the back" becomes the signal of the greatest subordination and the strongest calming signal.
TRANSITIONAL PERIOD (from the 2nd week to about the 21st day - the moment of opening the ears)
During this period, the optic ducts open. So we can introduce visual stimuli slowly.
Until the 16th day of life, there is still early neurological stimulation, so let's not introduce other stimuli right away. After the 16th day of life, when the stimulation ended, in our Australian Labradoodle kennel, we introduce a different type of touch - massage (especially Shantal's massage). My experience shows that puppies that are focused on this type of touch, approach stressful situations in a more relaxed way. The body is tense due to tensing muscles in stressful situations. Relaxed muscles mean a relaxed body. As a zoopsychologist in the therapy of fearful dogs or dogs with phobias, I use massage as an auxiliary therapy. After such a massage, it is easier to work with dogs, because their muscles are relaxed - then they are easier to undergo training and therapy.
So why not take advantage of the goodness that massage gives us in such young puppies?
“In the animal world, the first thing a female dog does when her young is born is to lick it from head to toe. Her tongue conveys to the puppy's brain the initial image of his self. Additionally, if several puppies are born in a litter that are constantly rubbing against each other as they try their first steps, every millimeter of their bodies absorbs further knowledge of what they are and how they function. This reinforces the formation of their overall self-image.”
quoted by Ruthy Alon
Here are photos and video of the massage being performed.
VIDEO:
VIDEO – AUSTRALIAN LABRADOODLE MASSAGE
During its performance, we play a CD (puppies will hear sounds only after opening the ear canals) with prenatal sounds (the sound of amniotic fluid and heartbeat) that have a calming effect on puppies.
How does the massage work?
It soothes, relaxes muscles, builds a positive bond between the owner and his dog, the puppy recognizes it as the first safe human touch. The massage also has many other properties depending on which part of the body is massaged:
– chest massage: beneficial effect on the work of the lungs, stimulation of the heart, stimulation of circulation, relaxation
– abdominal massage: activation of the gastrointestinal tract, stimulates digestion, improves the work of the large intestine (the effects of this massage can be seen ... or rather felt right away
–massage of the forelimb: elimination of muscle tension, relaxation of joints, stimulation of circulation, relaxation
– massage of the hind limb: elimination of tension, relaxation of joints, stimulation of circulation, strengthens bones,
– back massage + tail: strengthening the back muscles, reduces tension in the neck, back and croup area, relaxation
– mouth + ears massage: releasing tension, increasing blood circulation, eliminating headache, soothing, relaxing effect
During this period, we also introduce olfactory stimuli - scents collected in vials. Smells of animals, nature, objects, strange smells.
PERIOD OF SOCALIZATION (from the 3rd week of life to about 12 weeks) This is my personal horse. I love this period! So much is happening, so many changes are taking place, and so much can be recorded on blank puppy cards.
During this period, all the stimuli to which the puppy will be exposed will affect its later life. All stimuli the puppy will not be exposed to (poor environment) as well. We must be aware of this - everything that our puppy will be depends mainly on us - the breeder and the owner.
According to some sources, the socialization period lasts until 12 weeks of age. However, many years of research by well-known ethologists, e.g. Raymond Coppinger confirm that this period can last differently - depending on the breed. Breeds such as German Shepherds have a socialization period of less than 12 weeks, breeds such as Labradors longer and can extend up to 18 weeks. Okay, so how do we know when this period ends? It seems to be much easier than we think.
Each dog goes through four periods of anxiety, each lasting approximately 2 weeks. During the medication period, our dog starts behaving strangely. He may be afraid of things he has never been afraid of before, such as the shuffling of a chair. This is a normal stage of development - it goes away on its own unless the fear is reinforced by the owner. Periods of anxiety appear: around the 8th week, around the 12-18th week, around the 8th month and around the 13th month. When the period of the second fear appears around 12-18 months, it is a sign for us that the period of socialization has just ended. In my experience, the socialization period of Australian Labradoodles lasts until about 16 weeks of age.
During the socialization period, it is important for the dog to know what species it belongs to, and to know the species with which it will share its life in the future.
It is very important that the puppy is placed in different situations that it may encounter in the future. What do we do during socialization?
1. Puppies open their ears and start jumping up to different sounds. During this period, we introduce the first calm sounds in our kennel. And here - surprise! The first sounds puppies hear are the sounds of prenatal life. The hum of the amniotic fluid and the mother's heartbeat played on specially designed CDs. The first sounds that puppies hear from us are the sounds they already know. Thanks to this, we introduce them to our world calmly - they get to know it from a safe side.
Then we introduce various other sounds from the CD. These include: vacuum cleaner, trucks, helicopters, gunshots, barking dogs, clapping people, dryer, howling wolves, train, tram, crying children, ambulance, police, fire brigade, washing machine, mixers, thunderstorm, fireworks. And many others. There are over 200 different sounds on all tiles inclusive.
This is only the beginning, because the sounds from the CD will never replace the stimulus of a real object that, in addition to making certain sounds, has certain sizes and moves. We take care of that later and the CDs are only an introduction to further work.
Note: play the records very softly at first, gradually increasing the volume, otherwise you can cause the opposite effect to the intended one and as a result adult dogs will be afraid of these and other sounds.
Prenatal Sounds:
Other noises:
3. Puppies should meet different people. Keep in mind that dogs don't classify all humans as one species. For him, a baby, a child, a teenager, a boy, a girl, a man, a woman, an old woman with a cane, a man with glasses, a man with a beard, a policeman, a postman, a priest - these are all representatives of different species. All these people should be met by the puppy during this period. Do you know why dogs bark at postmen?
In our kennel, we focus puppies on contact with different people - even the strange ones. Thanks to that (if still practiced by the owners) strange people do not impress them.
Tone of voice is also the key here. Dogs recognize high-pitched voices as exciting and low-pitched ones as aggressive (this is why many dogs are afraid of male voices or feel more respect for them)
4. Other dogs and animals. Puppies should be exposed to contact with other dogs and puppies. Dogs in the kennel are not important, because the puppy treats them as his herd. The most important thing is contact with other dogs. Note, however - these dogs must be SAFE. The breeder must properly safeguard such contact and read the signals sent by an adult dog and a puppy. Only then does the puppy learn that other dogs are safe. The continuation of such meetings by the owner is very important. The contact must be safe and must not be interrupted when the puppy does not feel completely confident yet, because we will strengthen his insecurity, which may contribute to fear of other dogs.
5. Various substrates. According to Margaret Hughes' rule of the golden twelve - dogs should put their paws on 12 different surfaces here. We build the so-called learning paths that consist of different substrates and the puppy has to go through them. It is reinforced along the way with rewards. We also take puppies to different places so that they can get to know different substrates.
6. Puppies training begins at the 6th week of life. Sit, lie down, high five. Why are we doing this? Puppies already learn the principles of positive training, they learn that it's fun to work with people. When they go to training with their new owners, they know these rules, thanks to which working with them is easier and more pleasant. They are more focused on the guide. Puppies also practice agility - an obstacle course. We do everything for fun. It should be remembered that such an obstacle course was made for accuracy, not speed. Speed raises adrenaline, which takes up to 1 week to drop to an acceptable level. Without killing him, we'll have a hyperactive dog. So be careful here too.
Exercises:
7. Puppies are exposed to various strange stimuli that they may encounter in the future. Bags, balloons, boxes, jars, bells, bicycles, decks, umbrellas, glasses, masks. They learn that something strange and surprising may appear in the environment in the future and they should not be afraid of it.
8. Enriched environment - it's different items that we spread around the house, different materials. We hide treats in these materials. Puppies' job is to sniff, search and eat. What is it for? Not only learning new things, but also calming down. 10 minutes of sniffing tires the dog more than an hour of running, which raises the level of adrenaline
9. Puppies learn how to solve problems. Enter the box, the box, how to go down the hill, enter the water? Thanks to this, they will be able to solve problems that may arise along the way in the future.
10. Puppies should get to know different weather conditions, snow, rain and storm, they should go out at night
11. In the third week of life, for one week, we do diaphragm exercises in puppies once a day. Thanks to them, puppies do not suffer from motion sickness and tolerate car driving very well. Breeders who do not do these exercises should take their puppies for car rides.
All this should be done by the breeder and the owner should continue his work intensively even until about 16-18 weeks of age (of course, learning lasts a lifetime).
The poor environment in which the puppies stay at the breeder (in the so-called cage kennels) will adversely affect the mental health of the dog. But not only. Also inexperienced breeders who want to protect their puppies from all kinds of noises and stimuli will unconsciously act to their disadvantage. Sometimes it also happens that at the instigation of a veterinarian, the owners do not go outside with their puppy until 12 weeks of age (due to the lack of vaccinations). However, such actions reflect on the psyche of an already adult dog.
We have to make HABITATION happen, i.e. getting used to a specific stimulus. We do not want to allow SENSITIZATION - i.e. sensitization to a specific stimulus.
To get used to a particular stimulus, it is important to meet several conditions:
– the stimulus is first presented with a low intensity
– the puppy must be able to move away from the stimulus freely
– contact with the stimulus must be repeated.
If these factors do not occur, then there will be SENSIBILIZATION - that is, sensitization to the stimulus and in the future our dog will be afraid of it, what's more - it will generalize and all other similar stimuli will cause anxiety reactions.
Appropriate knowledge of the critical period of development, intuition and common sense are essential in the socialization of puppies. Every pup is born a blank, blank slate. During the first weeks of life, there is an intensive development of connections between brain cells. What your puppy experiences during the first weeks of his life WILL AFFECT HIS BEHAVIOR IN THE FUTURE.
My work actually concerns two areas to which I pay particular attention.
First of all – the prenatal area, i.e. the way I care for a pregnant bitch.
Secondly - the way I care for the proper socialization of puppies, taking into account all the critical stages of development before they go to their new owners.
When puppies are in the prenatal stage
First of all, I especially care about the health of a pregnant bitch. Not only by proper nutrition, but also by providing positive stimulating stimuli.
“Studies have shown that the offspring of a mother who was subjected to various stresses during pregnancy will be nervous and fearful” (1).
I deliberately limit all stressful situations (specific for each bitch), but I provide many positive stimulating stimuli.
Stress-related hormones as well as "happiness" hormones - especially in the third trimester of pregnancy - affect the developing fetus. They can have a beneficial or the opposite (in the case of stress) an adverse effect on learning abilities, a tendency to extreme behavior or emotional hypersensitivity of young puppies.
That is why it is so important to surround each pregnant bitch with special care during this period.
When puppies willingly come into this world, the prenatal phase ends
In the neonatal phase (0-12 days)
From the third day of birth, each puppy undergoes early neurological stimulation. More in the article "Early neurological stimulation".
Every day, each puppy goes through short, 3-minute sessions, during which they are picked up, turned on their backs or placed on a cold towel. All this to expose the baby to a gentle stress. Such regular stimulation has a positive effect on the physical and mental development of the toddler.
In the transitional phase (12 – 20 days)
I continue to stimulate, providing more and more new stimuli. Taking advantage of the fact that the puppies are just opening their eyes and ear canals, I turn on the radio and television. I play recordings of thunderstorms during meals so that these noises are not something terrible for them in the future, on the contrary - they will be associated with full bellies. I'm taking the puppies on a house tour. I dose stimuli in a moderate way, so as not to overdo it - we still have a lot of time for socialization, we don't have to hurry.
In the socialization phase (3 - 12 weeks)
This phase is divided into several stages:
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Socialization with litter and mother
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Socialization with people
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Exposing your puppy to various stimuli
Ad.1 Socialization with litter and mother
I allow puppies to interact with each other. I do not separate small swashbucklers. They have to learn from each other how to use the dog language so that they can solve conflicts in the future. Until the end of this phase, the puppies will stay with each other. It is very important to learn biting inhibition (control of jaw grip). It's a lot of fun, but also important learning. When one pup bites another pup, the pup will squeal first but then turn around and stop playing - for the pup that bit, it's a "I bit too hard, now play's over" punishment. Other times, however, this puppy will get his ear smacked so he can see for himself that it hurts. This is how puppies learn to control the grip strength of their jaws, and that's what they're learning from themselves. The mother also gives the young valuable lessons, when the puppy bites too hard on the nipple, the supply of tasty milk may end.
Puppies also learn to communicate using the so-called. calming signals: turning the head, licking the nose, yawning or wagging the tail. Take, for example, tail wagging, which may not necessarily mean "I'm friendly to you," but how would a puppy who was separated from its siblings too early know that? For him, any tail wagging (regardless of whether it is enthusiastic waving in all directions, or a sticking, taut tail, making small and quick movements) will mean the same. And since there is a difference between a tail that invites to play and one that suggests to the intruder "stay away", it will be very easy for a conflict to arise when such a puppy will understand every wagging as an invitation to play. That is why mutual interactions between puppies in a litter are so important and I attach great importance to it.
ad. 2 Socialization with people
Socialization with the litter is very important - because the puppy needs to know what species it is. However, socialization with people is no less important - it is with them that you will share a common corner in the future. Getting to know different people is important here. Women, men, children, tall, short, fat, thin, dressed up in various costumes. That's why I invite my friends over and I visit them myself every time with a different puppy. Puppies have the opportunity to meet all kinds of people. I ask my friends to give them treats from their hands - food is a very strong positive reinforcement and small puppies are already big gourmands. In the future, puppies should not be afraid of strangers - as long as my work will continue to be upheld by new owners.
If I neglected the issue of socialization now during this critical period, and even the owners did not attach too much importance to it, we could together lead to the emergence of behavioral problems in the future.
ad. 3 Exposing your puppy to various stimuli
Exposing a puppy to various stimuli is my favorite plot. For this purpose, I use the "Golden Dozen" by Margaret Hughes.
This is a really great opportunity to have fun together - going through an open box or a tunnel. Puppies stand for the first time on the trimming table, where they are combed, have their ears cleaned or claws trimmed. I often turn on the vacuum cleaner. Generally, I expose puppies to various stimuli they may encounter in the future. This is very important - the more stimuli the better. Such experiences will act as a kind of vaccine in the future, when the growing dog will have to face various challenges. I presented the golden twelve in the Puppy Development Phases section - I invite you to read it.
So before your puppy gets to you, we have a lot of work here, but also a lot of fantastic fun!
However, you must remember that what we did in Hairy Passion is only the beginning - the rest is up to you! Have fun!
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SOCIALIZATION IN PRACTICE;)
WEEK 1
Puppies stay with their mother. This week, the most important thing is to give the puppies and their mother a sense of security
Week 2
Puppies still stay with their mother
Week 3
Puppies still stay with their mother.
Puppies diaphragm exercises should be introduced this week to eliminate the occurrence of motion sickness in puppies.
And the first auditory and visual stimuli
Week 4
Puppies start exploring the area. Olfactory stimuli should continue to be introduced - the so-called "enriched environment"
Week5
Puppies get to know different people (sometimes strange), different objects and sounds
Week 6
This week you should continue to familiarize yourself with a varied environment, different substrates and work on learning about different sounds.
Week 7
It's time to start training - puppies are getting acquainted with training based on positive reinforcement.
Week 8
Continuation of puppy training and socialization with new situations
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socialization in practice 2:)
We are! We had a good time in the tummy, but here it is much more interesting. Mom says that in a few days we will open our eyes, she tells us how beautiful this world is. We can't wait for this moment. She just said not to be scared because at first we won't be able to see very well, only through a haze. But we are still waiting for this moment impatiently.
Here are our photos as 1 day old babies.
What happens to us at the very beginning? The lady ties special ribbons of different colors. She weighs us every day so she knows we're gaining weight properly. Because if we do not want to grow, or even worse - if we lose weight, you have a special milk ready for us. However, Mamusine milk is the tastiest and healthiest. It contains the so-called colostrum and will protect us from viruses and other nasty things until our Lady inoculates us.
Today we already have 7 days. We are growing fast and we are getting stronger. Some of us are already trying to stand on our own feet. They are still weak but as they say - practice makes perfect! The lady took pictures of us today.
From the third day of our lives, the Lady works wonders with us. We don't understand them yet, but mom says it's so that we can develop well in the future, and about the benefits of such stimulation, she says this (although we don't understand much of it):
1. Your heart vessels will function better
2. Your circulatory system will strengthen
3. Adrenaline-secreting glands will be strengthened
4. Stress resistance will increase
5. You will be more resistant to diseases
For us, this means that we are picked up, tickled on the feet and placed on a cold towel. We don't whine much at the same time - since it's for a good cause...
More about early neurostimulation at:
http://www.wlochata-pasja.com.pl/behawiorystyka/artykuly/wczesna-stymulacja-neurologiczna/
And when we are 3 weeks old.
Our eyes and ears have been opened! The lady takes us on her hands and shows us around all the rooms. He shows us the world. It also gives us a radio. It shows different surfaces.
We are starting to take the first steps and "I even bit my brother in the ear" quote caramel boy. It's nice to have brothers and sisters, we'll be playing together soon. The lady promised nice toys.
We are already starting to control our own intestines and the Lady takes us out to the newspapers after sleeping. There he teaches us to take care of our needs. We still don't understand what these newspapers are about, but it's probably to keep our bed dry because mom can't keep up with cleaning it.
The lady cut our nails today because apparently we were already scratching mom. But we didn't feel anything too much, we were engrossed in a delicious breakfast.
The lady weighed us today. Each of us already weighs more than a kilogram :) or, in fact, 1.10 - 1.25. Then we got this deworming paste. All in all, we didn't complain too much - finally a different taste than milk :) But mom says that we'll grow up a bit more and then we'll get real rarities :)
We also got a new crib. One with a door for us so that we can go out and come in whenever we like (when the door is open, and unfortunately when the lady is watching, but it will still be possible to misbehave). There is also a lowered wall so that mummy can jump in as well. See for yourself.
The lady only promised to make us an additional room from the walls of the metal playpen right after leaving our house. We can not wait.
And when we are 5 weeks old
The lady often uses a certain word that we slowly start to associate. SOCIALIZATION.
The lady says that during this period the most important thing is contact with mummy, our siblings, but also people in the household. The lady acquaints us with the mass of objects that we jump on, under which we walk, on which we climb. It's pretty fun.
We also listen to different sounds. Vacuum cleaners, squeaky toys and even real thunderstorms! There are a lot of them at this time of year - but they are nice because then we get various tasty treats. The lady says it's so that we won't be afraid of them in the future.
The lady also teaches us that a transport cage can be quite ok. There you can always find some super good things to eat. The lady says that it's so that we can slowly get used to the kennel cage that we will have contact with in our new homes.
This is a fantastic time for us - a time of exploration :).
The lady says that the socialization period will last a few more weeks and she often repeats (quoting the words of some gentleman) how important this period is for us: "All the events that have taken place and those that have not happened will shape the dog's behavior forever" S. Coren "Secrets of the Dog's Mind"
Here are some photos of our fights:
We learn to eat from different bowls (metal, porcelain, plastic)
We get to know different things!
We explore the area:
We eat in the transporter:
And then we look like this:
THIS WEEK WE WILL HAVE THE FIRST VETERINARY VISIT….
More about puppy socialization and development stages:
We've only had guests recently. Oh, but we have fun and flying - see for yourself ;)
And today more guests are coming - we will undergo temperament tests.
HERE ARE THE LATEST PUPPIES' SOCIALIZATION REPORTS
http://www.labradoodle.com.pl/news/we-have-australian-labradoodle-puppies-fili-1-st-time-mom/
http://www.labradoodle.com.pl/news/we-have-australian-labradoodle-puppies/
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Hairy Passion
Australian Labradoodle Kennel in Poland
First Australian Labradoodle in Poland